José Alexander Velásquez Ochoa
Universidad Autónoma de Perú, Lima, Panamericana Sur Km. 16.3, Villa EL Salvador, Perú
Cesar Felipe Henao Villa
Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias, Grupo INDDES, Institución Universitaria Digital de Antioquia, Carrera. 55 No. 42-90, Medellín, Colombia
Luis Fernando Garcés Giraldo
Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Continental, Miraflores 15046, Lima-Perú
David Alberto García- Arango
Universidad Autónoma de Perú, Lima, Panamericana Sur Km. 16.3, Villa EL Salvador, Perú
Carlos Hernán González Parias
Tecnológico de Antioquia, Calle 78B # 72A - 220, Robledo, Medellín, Antioquia
Natalia Isabel Jaramillo Gómez
Tecnológico de Antioquia, Calle 78B # 72A - 220, Robledo, Medellín, Antioquia.
Bryan Motta Zorrilla
Facultad de ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima, Perú
Validation of measurement instruments is a cornerstone of the measurement process, one of the most important aspects of quantitative studies, ensuring the psychometric quality of scales and questionnaires. In this article, we conduct a systematic review of applicable validation approaches and a systematic meta-analysis of thirty studies from 2021 to 2026 in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Science . The three main methodologies and models—confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and commonly used reliability coefficients—are examined. The average comparative fit index reported here appears to be 0.950, with an average Cronbach's alpha value of 0.887, well above the recommended ranges. The evidence points to a trend toward the adoption of multiple indicators of convergent and discriminant validity and toward more systematic assessments of measurement invariance. Conclusion: This study will emphasize the comprehensive presentation of psychometric indices and common practices in psychometric validation, thereby increasing the transparency and replicability of empirical assessment across practice.
