Ethical Considerations

1. Conflict of Interest

• Authors must disclose any relationships or interests that could influence, or appear to influence, the work.
• This includes any financial, personal, or professional relationships that might be construed as influencing the research.

2. Human and Animal Rights

• If the research involves human participants, animals, or human tissue samples, authors must include a statement regarding approval from the relevant ethical review boards.
• Studies involving human subjects should adhere to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
• For animal studies, authors should indicate adherence to national or institutional guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals.

Manuscript Preparation

1. Structure of Manuscript

• Title: Concise and informative, reflecting the study's content and purpose.
• Abstract: A brief summary of the research objectives, methodology, results, and conclusions, not exceeding 250 words.
• Keywords: Provide 4–6 keywords to help index the article and improve its visibility.
• Introduction: State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or summary of the results.
• Materials and Methods: Provide sufficient details to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference.
• Results: Present the results clearly and concisely.
• Discussion: Explore the significance of the results in context, without repeating them. Combine with the Results section if appropriate.
• Acknowledgments: Optional. List individuals who provided help during the research.
• References: Follow the journal's specified reference format.

2. Figures and Tables

• Clearly label and provide captions for all figures and tables.
• Ensure each is cited in the text in consecutive order.

3. Supplementary Materials

• Supplementary data that support the manuscript's findings can be submitted as additional files.
• Ensure each supplementary item is clearly identified and cited in the text in consecutive order.

Peer Review Process

• Manuscripts undergo double-blind peer review, in which the identities of authors and reviewers are concealed from each other to support impartial assessment.
• Authors may suggest potential reviewers, but the editorial team will make the final decision on reviewer selection.

Submission Process

• Online Submission: Manuscripts should be submitted via the journal's online submission system .
• Cover Letter: The cover letter must articulate the novelty and significance of the research and affirm that the submission is not under review elsewhere.

Post-Acceptance

• After acceptance, authors will receive proofs of their manuscript to check the accuracy of the final text.
• Corrections should be minimal and submitted promptly.

Open Access and Fees

• Letters in Biomathematics is an open-access journal, meaning all articles are freely available to the public.
• Authors are required to pay an Article Processing Charge (APC) upon acceptance, which supports the open-access model and covers publication costs. Details are provided in the Article Processing Charges section below.

Contact Information

For additional guidance or questions about submission, authors should contact the Editorial Office:

Email: editor@lettersinbiomath.org

Article Processing Charges (APCs)

Letters in Biomathematics is an open-access journal.

The Article Processing Charge (APC) for an accepted manuscript is 850 GBP.

The APC becomes payable only after the manuscript has successfully completed the journal's editorial assessment and peer-review process and has received a formal acceptance decision.

Payment of an APC does not guarantee manuscript acceptance, influence editorial decisions, or exempt a submission from peer review.

Any applicable waivers, discounts, additional charges, and refund conditions are communicated transparently in accordance with the journal's published fee policy.

Authors should make payments only through payment channels officially confirmed by the journal.

Authorship, Contributor Responsibilities and AI Disclosure

All listed authors must have made a substantive scholarly contribution to the submitted work, approved the final manuscript, and accepted responsibility for their respective contributions.

Guest, gift, and ghost authorship are not permitted.

Authors must disclose the use of generative artificial intelligence tools where such tools have materially contributed to manuscript preparation, data analysis, coding, image generation, or other research activities.

AI tools cannot be listed as authors. Human authors remain responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and reproducibility of all submitted content.

The journal may request clarification or supporting information concerning authorship contributions, data provenance, or the use of automated tools.

Data, Code and Reproducibility

Authors should provide sufficient methodological information to permit independent assessment of the study's principal findings.

For computational and mathematical research, this may include model equations, parameter definitions, initial conditions, numerical methods, software versions, computational code, and relevant datasets.

Authors are encouraged to deposit reusable data and code in appropriate repositories and to provide persistent identifiers where available.

Where data or code cannot be shared because of privacy, ethical, legal, or contractual restrictions, authors should explain the applicable limitations.

Claims of computational reproducibility must be supported by the methods and materials actually available for verification.