Abstract

Background: A burn injury sources necrosis of tissue and raw area with serous exudation. The devitalized tissues and moist burn wound is favorable for the colonization and proliferation of microorganisms and following infection, therefore the latent risk of burn wound sepsis and septicemia persists until complete wound healing. The risk of infection is further potentiated due to immune disturbances caused by thermal injury.  

Material and methods: 80 specimens have been collected from the burn patients in the period from the initial February to July/2025. This study shown that 50/80(62.5%) specimens Gram negative bacterial culture and 30/80 (37.5 %) from gram-positive bacterial culture.

Result: The identification of bacterial isolates was detected by cultural, biochemical test. The most common bacteria with highest incidence is Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27/50 (54%) from other types of gram negative and positive bacteria. The antibacterial resistance rates of the P. aurogenosa isolates to Clindamycin amounted 23/27(85.18%) and to Penicillin with 19/27 (70.37%). The moderate resistance rate was observed for Erythromycin 15/27 (59.25%) and the lowest resistance rate was observed for Ciprofloxacin 7/27(25.92%) and Amikacin 4/27(14.81%). Molecular detection for ToxA and exoS genes that revealed the presence of key virulence genes. The ToxA gene appeared in 20/27(74%) of isolates, indicating genetic diversity among strains, and exoS gene were possessed 24(81.48%) of isolates P. aeruginosa.

Conclusion: This study that show the patients with burn are at a higher risk of acquiring infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and demonstrated that the lowest resistance rates of the P. aeruginosa isolates was observed for Cefuroxime Ciprofloxacin and Amikacin.