Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association of baseline anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and age with ovarian function recovery after chemotherapy in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-negative breast cancer. Methods: This longitudinal study included premenopausal women aged 18–45 years with newly diagnosed hormone receptor-negative breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. Ovarian recovery at 12 months after chemotherapy was assessed based on menstrual status. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of ovarian recovery. Results: 39.2% had persistent chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea, whereas 60.8% recovered ovarian function at 12 months. Patients with persistent amenorrhea were older (42.1 ± 3.2 vs. 36.9 ± 5.0 years; p<0.001) and had lower baseline AMH levels (0.467 ± 0.574 vs. 1.747 ± 1.751 ng/mL; p<0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that younger age (OR: 0.823; 95% CI: 0.699–0.969; p=0.019) and higher baseline AMH levels (OR: 1.133; 95% CI: 1.027–1.250; p=0.013) were independently associated with ovarian recovery. Conclusion: Younger age and higher baseline AMH levels were significant predictors of ovarian function recovery after chemotherapy. Baseline AMH may be useful for individualized fertility counseling before treatment.